what are the high entry barrier that cause the airline deregulation act of 1978 to decrease the
Why is There a Pilot Shortage and How Can We Ready It?
4 billion airplane passengers took to the skies in 2018. By 2036, this number is expected to almost double.
Yous'd think with all this industry growth, the number of pilots would be growing to meet the demand. But over the past few decades, the number of commercial, business, and individual pilots has continued to compress.
According to the FAA, there were almost 827,000 pilots in the U.S. in 1987. Since and so, the number of pilots in the industry has gone down by 30%.
Boeing predicts that the aviation industry will need 790,000 new pilots by 2037 to run into growing international demand, with 96,000 of these pilots needed in business aviation.
Although major American airlines aren't experiencing the consequences of the airplane pilot shortage even so, smaller regional airlines are starting to suffer. Flight schedules take been reduced, and some have already gone broke due to depression pilot staffing.
What'due south Causing the Pilot Shortage?
A "perfect tempest" of factors over the past 3 decades has helped to create the pilot shortage the industry is now facing.
From baby boomers reaching retirement to the Airline Deregulation Act, hither are 5 reasons for a global airplane pilot shortage and solutions to bring more pilots into the fold.
ane. Infant Boomers are Retiring
Babe boomers make upwards almost 50% of pilots flying today. And virtually one-half of Boomer pilots who are currently flying for major U.S airlines volition reach the mandatory retirement age for commercial pilots in the side by side 10 years (65 years erstwhile).
Congress changed the mandatory retirement age for airline pilots from threescore to 65 in 2009. Although this may accept helped the aviation industry in the brusk-term, some younger pilots believe this change blocked career advocacy opportunities, causing them to seek other positions exterior of aviation.
2. Airline Deregulation Act
Many airlines are however existence affected past the consequences of the 1978 Airline Deregulation Act. Before the act, the Federal Government controlled airfares, routes, and the entry of new airlines into the market.
The deregulation act created a free marketplace for commercial airlines, which decreased fares and increased the number passengers and available flights. Many new depression-price carriers popped up, allowing more Americans to wing more than often.
This human activity also led to many carriers going under who couldn't keep upward with the new competition. Between 1978 and 2001, 8 major commercial carriers (like Eastern, Midway, Braniff, Pan Am, Continental, and Northwest Airlines) and over 100 smaller airlines went bankrupt or were liquidated.
3. Stricter Safety Requirements (AKA the 1,500 Hour Rule)
In 2013, the FAA upped the required training hours for pilots looking to get their Air Transport Pilot certificate (ATP). The new 1,500-hour rule required all commercial airline co-pilots to have at least one,500 hours of accrued flight time, upwardly from just 250 hours.
The new dominion also requires that pilots earn an additional 1,000 flying hours before they can serve as captains.
Congress also changed the duty-fourth dimension rules in 2010 to help relieve pilot fatigue. Airlines had to increase their pilot staffing by 5% to 8% to cover the same schedule, significant they needed to hire fifty-fifty more than qualified pilots — at the same fourth dimension that actress required hours were putting more barriers between pilots and positions with commercial airlines.
4. Fewer Pilots Provided past the Armed forces
In the 1980s, around two-thirds of airline pilots had received their pilot grooming serving in the armed services. At present, that pct has shrunk to less than one-third.
This decrease in trained military pilots aligns with the war machine'south increasing use of unmanned aeriform vehicles. A lower demand for military pilots means aspiring pilots volition have to pay for their ain flying training, which is far from affordable (and can easily exceed $100,000).
5. Financial Impacts of 9/11
After the ix/xi terrorist attacks, all airports were closed and flights were canceled for weeks. Only once airports were reopened, airlines suffered a thirty% subtract in demand for months later the set on.
Canceled flights, decreased passenger demand, and higher spending for security measures led to major loss and bankruptcy for many American airline carriers. Even carriers without any past financial issues were forced to lay off hundreds of employees (or in American Airline's case, up to 7,000 employees).
Increased TSA measures and baggage screenings led to an almost 6% decrease in airline passengers and a nine% decrease in the nation's busiest airports, creating a nearly $1 billion loss for the airline industry as a whole.
How Can We Fix the Airplane pilot Shortage?
Several airlines are taking the initiative to endeavor and combat the pilot shortage. Airlines like JetBlue are offering employees the opportunity to train for the specific aircraft types that they use.
Other nationwide initiatives are focused on encouraging more than women to become pilots. But training new pilots takes time, and entering the field tin can be toll-prohibitive to some women candidates.
Another industry idea is to recruit AI-enabled automation to help relieve the growing demand. But safety, reliable AI technologies are likely more than a decade abroad from being ready for use on commercial airline flights.
In less than a decade, the pilot shortage may begin to put the growth projected for global aviation at take a chance. Whether Congress needs to change retirement age for commercial airline pilots to 70 or lower preparation hours for new pilots, or whether the industry every bit a whole needs to increasing wages or develop faster applied science, something needs to change — and fast.
As we wait to the future of aviation, it's important to remember the inspiring individuals who accept done incredible things for the world of flight at its early on stages. From record-makers to groundbreakers, read on to larn about the lives and legacies of 5 pilots who inverse the world of flight for the amend »
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Source: https://www.mountainaviation.com/2019/06/25/why-is-there-a-pilot-shortage-and-how-can-we-fix-it/
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